Kupewa ndi kuchiza kwa adyo, anyezi wobiriwira, nsonga ya Leek

Mukulima anyezi wobiriwira, adyo, a leeks, anyezi ndi anyezi ndi anyezi ndi adyo ya adyo, chodabwitsa cha nsonga zowuma ndizosavuta kuchitika. Ngati ulamulirowu sunayendetsedwe bwino, masamba ambiri a mbewu yonse adzauma. Milandu yoopsa, mundawo udzakhala ngati moto. Zimakhudza zipatso zazikulu, komanso zovuta kwambiri, sizingakolole. Kodi choyambitsa izi ndi chiyani komanso momwe mungapewere? Masiku ano, ndikufuna kuvomereza kuti aliyense aliyense akhale, womwe umakhudza kwambiri kupewa komanso kuwongolera a anyezi wobiriwira ndi adyo.

1. Zomwe zimayambitsa nsonga yowuma

Pali zifukwa zambiri zogwirizira zouma za anyezi ndi ma dra la adyo, makamaka zachilengedwe komanso zatha. Malangizo owuma okhala ndi zinthu zabwino zachilengedwe zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha chilala ndi kuchepa kwa madzi, ndipo maupangiri owuma a matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha khungu la imvi ndikuwonongeka. , Chifukwa chachikulu chowuma chowuma chimapanga ndikuwuma ndi kuwawa.

2. Zizindikiro zazikulu

Kankhungu koyambitsidwa ndi anyezi wobiriwira, adyo, leek ndi anyezi ndiwo zouma, pomwe pamasamba ndi chinyezi chimakhala choyenera kuchokera pa tsamba nsonga pansi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tsamba liume. Chinyezi chikakhala chokwera, chosanjikiza chachikulu cha imvi chitha kupangidwa pamasamba akufa.

Malangizo owuma a anyezi wobiriwira, adyo, leek ndi masamba ena omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matendawa amakhala "owuma". Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, mawanga obiriwira ndi oyera amawoneka pamasamba, omwe amakhala malo amviwo ndi oyera atakula, masamba onsewo amalitsidwa mtsogolo. Mvula ikakhala ndi chinyezi, matendawa amakula bwino kwambiri. Nyengo ikakhala youma, yoyera imazimiririka, ing'anitse khungu ndikuwona mycelium yoyera. Matendawa akakhala akulu, mundawo ndiuma, ngati moto.

3. Choyambitsa matenda

Pansi pa kutentha kwanyengo, chinyezi chachikulu ndicho chifukwa chachikulu chopezeka ndikufalikira kwa botrytis ndi choyipa. Botrytis Cinerea ndi phytophthora makamaka akumande kapena chilimwe m'nthaka yolumikizidwa ndi thupi lamatenda. Mtenthe kutentha ndi chinyezi ndiloyenera, mabakiteriya a pathogenic omwe amakhala ndi matenda omwe amadwala thupi amayamba kumera, ndikupanga kuchuluka kwa hyphae ndi conidia, komwe kumalowa nthaka. Mu thupi la omwe adalipo, ndikumamwa michere kuchokera ku maselo omwe agwidwa kapena maselo kukula ndi kubereka.

Izi za Conaria kapena mycelium zimafalikira m'munda pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya, mvula, madzi othirira, ndi zina, ndikupitilizabe kuyambitsa mbewu. Pansi pa kutentha ndi chinyezi, kufalikira kumafalikira kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri kumatha kuyambitsa kupezeka kwakukulu kwa masiku 7.

4.. Njira zopewera

Botrytis Cinerea ndi kunyezimira kudafalikira mwachangu ndikuvulaza kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, iyenera kuthiridwa mu nthawi yopewera kupewa komanso kuwongolera m'magazini. 30-50 ml / Mu wa 38% Pyraclostrobein-Boscalid kuyimitsidwa, ndi 30-40 makilogalamu amadzi amawonjezeredwa ku tsinde. Masamba amathiridwa kwambiri ndi kuwaza masiku 7 aliwonse kuti azitha kuwongolera kuwonongeka kwa nsonga yowuma.